Prepositions for Time

1. on > Days of the week. eg: on Saturday
2. in > months/seasons/ time of day/ year/ a certain period of time. eg: in December. in winter. in the afternoon. in 2011. in two hour.
3. at > for night/ for weekend/ a certain point of time. eg: at night. at the weekend. at half past time.
4. since > from a certain point of time till now. eg: since 2004.
5. for > over a certain period of time till now. eg: for 5 years.
6. ago > a certain time in the past. eg: 3 years ago.
7. before > earlier than a certain point of time. eg: before 2010.
8. to > telling the time. eg: fifteen to one. (12:45)
9. past > telling the time. eg: half past one. (1:30)
10. to/ till/ untill > marking the beginning and end of a period of time. eg: from Friday to/till Sunday.
11. by > in the sense of at the latest up to a certain time. eg: I will be back by 10pm tonight.

Future Perfect Progressive Tense

Tense : Future Perfect Progressive Tense

Formula :  I / You / We / They/ He / She / It will have been + present participle
                  Ex: will have been reading
                        will have been sewing

Usage :
-An action which has been happening for a period of time in the future and still continues happening at that time
一个在未来的时式中，持续发生着的一个动作，截至使用这个tense时尚未完成那个动作

Examples :
-I will have been eating pizza.
我将会还在吃着批萨。（我估计那个时候我还在吃着批萨，如果你来找我，可能会有点不方便，我还不知道自己会吃到几点）

Exercise :
Put the verbs into the correct form (future II progressive).

1. By the end of the week I(work) will have been working here for four months.
2. By the end of this month we(live) _______________________ together for six years.
3. By the end of the term she(study) ________________________ for nine years.
4. By midnight we(play) ___________________________ this computer game for 48 hours.
5. She(talk) ______________________________ on the phone for the last couple of hours.
6. They(look for) ___________________________ me all night long.
7. He(play) _______________________________ soccer all day long.
8. You(watch) ________________________________ TV all the time.

Future Perfect Tense

Tense : Future Perfect Tense

Formula :  I / You / We / They/ He / She / It will have + past participle
                   Ex: will have married
                         will have forgiven

Usage :
- An action which has happened/ completed in the future.
在未来的时刻里预测或计划好，刚刚完整发生的一件事、已经完成的一个动作。

Examples :
a) -I will have eaten pizza at 10pm.
晚上十时的时候，我已经吃了批萨。（如果那个时候你要打电话给我是没问题的，因为我已经吃好批萨了）

b) -At the time Natasha reach home, her puppy will have slept.
 
Exercise :
Make the future perfect:
1) By 10 pm tonight, I _____________________ (finish) this report.
2) By 10 pm tonight, I ______________________ (have) dinner.
3) By 10 pm tonight, she __________________________ (leave) Paris.
4) By 10 pm tonight, John ___________________________ (meet) Lucy.
5) By 10 pm tonight, they _________________________ (take) the exam.

Future Progressive Tense

Tense : Future Progressive Tense 未来进行式


Formula :  I / You / We / They/ He / She / It will be + present participle
               
                  Ex: will be cleaning
                        will be buying

Usage :
a) - An action which is going to happen at an exact time in the future (predicted or planned)
   在未来的某一时刻正在发生的事、正在持续进行的一个动作 （预测或已计划的）
b) -A future plan 未来的计划

Examples :
a) -I will be eating pizza at 7pm.
晚上七时我将会吃着批萨。（我和家人约好六点去吃批萨，通常会吃上两三个小时，所以我估计七点的时候我还吃着批萨）
b) Victor and Juliet will be going to Australia next autumn.

Exercise :
Put the verbs into the correct form (future I progressive).

1. At midnight we(sleep) will be sleeping.
2. This time next week we(sit) _________________ at the beach.
3. At nine I(watch) ___________________ the news.
4. Tonight we(cram up) ___________________ for our English test.
5. They(dance) _______________________ all night.
6. He(not / play) ______________________ all afternoon.

Simple Future Tense (B)

Tense : Simple Future Tense (B) 未来简单式 (B)

Formula : Verb to be + going to + verb in dictionary form (1^st column of the verb list)

                 - I am going to

                 - He/ she/ it is going to
                 - We/ they/ you are going to
                Ex: am going to leave
                       is going to sing

Usage : -A future plan 未来的计划


Examples :
a) -I am going to eat pizza tomorrow. 明天我将会吃批萨。
b) -The girls are going to plant some tulips in the garden.

Keywords : -tomorrow
                    -next year
                    -next month
                    -10 years later
                    -next Wednesday

Exercise :

Write sentences in going to future.
1. they / share / a room = __________________________________
2. he / get up / early = __________________________________________
3.they / do / their  best = ____________________________________
4. she / buy / a computer = _____________________________________
5. we / take / the bus = ___________________________________________

Simple Future Tense (A)

Tense : Simple Future Tense (A) 未来简单式 (A)


Formula : Shall / will + verb in dictionary form （原形动词，没s、没ing、没ed）
                
                 -I/ you/ we/ they/ he/ she/ it皆可用will，此现象已普及化。
                 -I/ we 于正式场合多用shall
                 -Ex: shall dance
                        will build

Usage :

a)  -A future plan 未来的计划
b) -Something happens in the future 未来会发生的事
c) -to offer help 说明自愿给与帮助

Examples :
a) - I will eat pizza tomorrow. 明天我将会吃批萨。
b) -If we keep cutting down trees, the animals will lose their habitats.
c) -We shall continue discussing this topic next week.
d) -I will prepare a light and tasty breakfast for you.
.

Keywords : -tomorrow
                    -next year
                    -next month
                    -10 years later
                    -next Wednesday

Exercise :

Put the verbs into the correct form (simple future)

1. You (be)  _______________ very happy.
2. You (get) _______________ a lot of money.
3. You (buy) _________________  a beautiful house.
4. Your friends (envy) ________________  you.
5. You (meet) _________________ a beautiful girl.            

Past Perfect Progressive Tense

Tense : Past Perfect Progressive Tense 过去完成进行式

Formula : verb to have (had) + been + present participle
                  Ex: had been waiting
                        had been watching

Usage :
- An action which has been happening for a period of time in the past and still continues happening at that time
一个在过去的时式中，持续发生着的一个动作，截至使用这个tense时尚未完成那个动作
 
Examples :
a) -I had been eating pizza for two months.
       我持续吃了批萨两个月（到现在我还一直吃，而且还未停，还不知道会吃到几月）

 b) -The couple had been living in that city since their first child born.

Keywords : -since
                     -for

Exercise :

Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).

1. We(sleep) had been sleeping for 12 hours when he woke us up.
2. They(wait) ________________ at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.
3. We(look for) _______________ her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom.
4. I(not / walk) _______________ for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain.
5. How long(learn / she) _______________ English before she went to London?
6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he(sing) _______________ in the rain too long.

Past Perfect Tense

Tense : Past Perfect Tense 过去完成式

Formula : -verb to have (had) + past participle (4^th column of the verb list)
                 
                   I / You / We / They/ He / She / It had
                  Ex: had forgotten
                        had bought

Usage :  -An action which has happened/ completed in the past
       在过去的时刻里刚刚完整发生的一件事、已经完成的一个动作。

Examples : a) -I had already eaten pizza.
                       我已经吃了批萨。（昨天你刚到家的时候，我已经吃了批萨）

                    b) -When I reached the railway station, the train had left.

Keywords : -already

Exercise :
Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple (positive).

1. I lost the key that he(give) ______________ to me.
2. She told me that she(see) _______________ a ghost.
3. I went downstairs because I(hear) _________________ a noise.
4. When they came home, Sue(cook) ________________ dinner already.
5. We could not send you a postcard because we(forget) ______________ our address book.   

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Past Progressive Tense

Tense : Past Progressive Tense 过去进行式

Formula : verb to be (was / were) + present participle (2^nd column of the verb list)
                  I / He / She / It was          
                 You / We / They were
                 Ex: was/ were holding
                       was/ were reading

Usage : a) -An action which is happening at an exact time in the past
         在过去的某一时刻正在发生的事、正在持续进行的一个动作

       b)-An action which is happening habitually in the past

                   过去重复性发生的动作

Examples :

a) -I was eating pizza at that time. 那个时候我正在吃着批萨。

b) -The family was having their dinner at a restaurant along the highway.
c) -They were playing pianos when the phone rang.
d) -The guy was always boasting about his painting.

Keywords : -at that time
                   -at that moment
                   *always在此属特殊关键用词

Exercise :

Was or Were?

1. We ________ dancing.
2. The dog ________ barking.
3. The printer ________ printing out a photograph.
4. The pupils ________ writing a test.
5. Sue and Gareth ________ walking up the hill.

Write sentences in past progressive.

1. he / the car / wash →________________________________
2. she / home / go →_______________________________
3. they / not / the match / watch →_________________________________
4. you / in the shop / work →__________________________________
5. I / not / a magazine / read →______________________________

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